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Chapter 10 · The Slaying of Shumbha

Devi Mahatmya

Chapter 10 · The Slaying of Shumbha · Final Carita

Nishumbha was dead. Shumbha stood alone on the field, and he beat his grief for his brother into a taunt: the Devi only won because she fought on the strength of others. Her answer was to draw every Mother-power, from Brahmani onward, back into her one body, and to say plainly that she alone exists in this world and all the rest are splendors of hers. Then came the last duel. Shumbha’s weapons were cut from him one by one, the fist-fight climbed all the way into the open sky, and at the end the Devi’s spear went through his chest and threw him down on the earth.

27 shlokas · Previous chapter

About 10 min read · 1,638 words

The rishi says: Shumbha had watched it happen. His brother Nishumbha, dear to him as the breath in his own body, was cut down and gone, and the army that had marched out at their side lay hacked apart across the field. Rage climbed in him, and the words that broke from him were meant to wound.

1

ऋषिरुवाच ।
निशुम्भं निहतं दृष्ट्वा भ्रातरं प्राणसंमितम् ।
हन्यमानं बलं चैव शुम्भः क्रुद्धो ऽब्रवीद्वचः ॥ 1 ॥

The lion-riding Devi stands before Shumbha with weapons raised, while below lie the corpses of Nishumbha and the daityas.

He said: You reek of the arrogance of strength, wicked Durga. Carry that pride no further. You fight the way a vain woman fights, propped up by the strength of other goddesses, and nothing out here was won by your arm alone. It was the last taunt Shumbha would ever throw, and it called up from her the answer the whole Saptashati has been moving toward.

2 · The taunt

बलावलेपाद् दुष्टे त्वं मा दुर्गे गर्वमावह ।
अन्यासां बलमाश्रित्य युध्यसे यातिमानिनी ॥ 2 ॥

The Sri Devi answered: I alone am in this world. What second is there beside me? Look well, wicked one. What you have been calling other powers are splendors of mine and nothing more, and even now, while you watch them, they are pouring back into me. Here is the note that sounds under the whole of the Saptashati. The many powers are a single power, wearing many faces.

3 · The Devi’s answer

श्रीदेव्युवाच ।
एकैवाहं जगत्यत्र द्वितीया का ममापरा ।
पश्यैता दुष्ट मय्येव विशन्त्यो मद्विभूतयः ॥ 3 ॥

All the Mother-powers, turned to streams of light, merge into the body of the lion-riding Devi while Shumbha watches.

Even as the words left her, it happened. Brahmani and the rest, every Mother-power on the field, thinned into light and sank back into her body, and where a moment before there had been many there was now only Ambika, one figure alone on the trampled ground. Then she spoke again. By my own splendor I stood here in many shapes. I have drawn all of them home, and I stand in this battle alone. Now steady yourself, and come. His own taunt had been turned around and handed back to him, and with it the challenge of single combat.

4 · 5

ऋषिरुवाच ।
ततः समस्तास्ता देव्यो ब्रह्माणीप्रमुखा लयम् ।
तस्या देव्यास्तनौ जग्मुरेकैवासीत्तदाम्बिका ॥ 4 ॥
श्रीदेव्युवाच ।
अहं विभूत्या बहुभिरिह रूपैर्यदास्थिता ।
तत्संहृतं मयैकैव तिष्ठाम्याजौ स्थिरो भव ॥ 5 ॥

The Devi and Shumbha fight face to face with clashing weapons, the gods standing on one side and the asura army on the other.

So it began, the last single combat of the Saptashati, with the massed gods on one horizon and the massed asuras on the other, and not one of them able to look away from a fight this pitiless. Arrows came down in sheets. Then the honed weapons, then the merciless divine missiles, until the duel between the two of them had climbed to a pitch that put every world in fear.

6 · 7

ऋषिरुवाच ।
ततः प्रववृते युद्धं देव्याः शुम्भस्य चोभयोः ।
पश्यतां सर्वदेवानामसुराणां च दारुणम् ॥ 6 ॥
शरवर्षैः शितैः शस्त्रैस्तथा चास्त्रैः सुदारुणैः ।
तयोर्युद्धमभूद् भूयः सर्वलोकभयङ्करम् ॥ 7 ॥

In the sky the arrows of the Devi and Shumbha collide and scatter sparks, while the lion springs forward.

Ambika sent her divine missiles out in their hundreds, and the lord of the daityas met each one with a weapon that broke it in the air; strike for strike, to this point, he had matched her. Then he loosed his own divine missiles, and Parameshvari broke them in play, with a few fierce cries of power and nothing else. The effort that drained Shumbha barely reached her.

8 · 9

दिव्यान्यस्त्राणि शतशो मुमुचे यान्यथाम्बिका ।
बभञ्ज तानि दैत्येन्द्रस्तत्प्रतीघातकर्तृभिः ॥ 8 ॥
मुक्तानि तेन चास्त्राणि दिव्यानि परमेश्वरी ।
बभञ्ज लीलयैवोग्रहुङ्कारोच्चारणादिभिः ॥ 9 ॥

From the Devi's raised palm a radiance breaks the missiles Shumbha has hurled, and they scatter in pieces.

The asura buried her now under hundreds of arrows. That drew her anger, and she answered by shearing the bow itself out of his hands with arrows of her own. Bow gone, he caught up the spear called shakti; her discus took it apart while it still lay in his grip. One weapon, then the next, cut from his hands before he could use either.

10 · 11

ततः शरशतैर्देवीमाच्छादयत सो ऽसुरः ।
सा च तत्कुपिता देवी धनुश्चिच्छेद चेषुभिः ॥ 10 ॥
छिन्ने धनुषि दैत्येन्द्रस्तथा शक्तिमथाददे ।
चिच्छेद देवी चक्रेण तामप्यस्य करे स्थिताम् ॥ 11 ॥

The Devi's arrow cuts Shumbha's weapon in midair and scatters it into sparks.

Then Shumbha, sovereign of the daityas, snatched up a sword and a shield worked with a hundred moons and bright as the sun, and drove straight at her. He was still closing when Chandika’s arrows, loosed in a blur from her bow, cut the sword out of the air and cut down the shield behind it, both undone before either could touch her.

12 · 13

ततः खड्गमुपादाय शतचन्द्रं च भानुमत् ।
अभ्यधावत्तदा देवीं दैत्यानामधिपेश्वरः ॥ 12 ॥
तस्यापतत एवाशु खड्गं चिच्छेद चण्डिका ।
धनुर्मुक्तैः शितैर्बाणैश्चर्म चार्ककरामलम् ॥ 13 ॥

Under the Devi's blow the sword and shield of the leaping Shumbha break to pieces and scatter.

She brought the chariot down after that, horses and charioteer with it. Horses dead, bow gone, no one left at the reins, the daitya set his whole mind on killing Ambika and came on with a dreadful mace. Her sharp arrows caught it mid-swing and cut it apart. Still he came, fist drawn back, and threw himself at her. The weapons were finished. What was left was his hands.

14 · 15

अश्वांश्च पातयामास रथं सारथिना सह ।
हताश्वः स तदा दैत्यश्छिन्नधन्वा विसारथिः ।
जग्राह मुद्गरं घोरमम्बिकानिधनोद्यतः ॥ 14 ॥
चिच्छेदापततस्तस्य मुद्गरं निशितैः शरैः ।
तथापि सो ऽभ्यधावत्तां मुष्टिमुद्यम्य वेगवान् ॥ 15 ॥

The Devi's arrows shatter Shumbha's mace; below lie his broken chariot and dead horses.

That bull among daityas brought his fist down on the Devi’s heart. She answered with the flat of her open palm against his chest. The one blow dropped the daitya-king where he stood, and almost before he had touched the ground he was on his feet again, whole, as though nothing had landed.

16 · 17

स मुष्टिं पातयामास हृदये दैत्यपुङ्गवः ।
देव्यास्तं चापि सा देवी तलेनोरस्यताडयत् ॥ 16 ॥
तलप्रहाराभिहतो निपपात महीतले ।
स दैत्यराजः सहसा पुनरेव तथोत्थितः ॥ 17 ॥

The Devi's palm-strike lands on Shumbha's chest and he staggers backward.

Then he did what none of the watchers had seen done before. He sprang from the ground with the Devi locked in his arms and rose until he stood in the open sky; and there, with nothing at all beneath her feet, Chandika fought him on. High in the air the daitya and Chandika closed and grappled, and the siddhas and the munis watched a wrestling the like of which they had never seen, and it left them astonished.

18 · The sky-battle

उत्पत्य च प्रगृह्योच्चैर्देवीं गगनमास्थितः ।
तत्रापि सा निराधारा युयुधे तेन चण्डिका ॥ 18 ॥

19

नियुद्धं खे तदा दैत्यश्चण्डिका च परस्परम् ।
चक्रतुः प्रथमं सिद्धमुनिविस्मयकारकम् ॥ 19 ॥

A wrestling match has broken out in the sky between the Devi and Shumbha, while all around rishis and munis watch from the clouds.

For a long time she wrestled him up there. Then Ambika got her hold, lifted him clear, swung him round and round, and threw him down the whole height of the sky onto the earth. He struck the ground and was already moving, fist up before he had fully risen, running at her again with the one wish still in him, to see Chandika dead. The fall had not touched what drove him. It was the last time he would rise.

20 · 21

ततो नियुद्धं सुचिरं कृत्वा तेनाम्बिका सह ।
उत्पात्य भ्रामयामास चिक्षेप धरणीतले ॥ 20 ॥
स क्षिप्तो धरणीं प्राप्य मुष्टिमुद्यम्य वेगितः ।
अभ्यधावत दुष्टात्मा चण्डिकानिधनेच्छया ॥ 21 ॥

The Devi raises Shumbha's body above her head to dash it down, while the lion roars on the battlefield.

She watched him come, the lord of every daitya on the field, and this time she did not wait. The Devi ran her spear clean through his chest and put him on the ground. That was the end of Shumbha, and the end toward which the whole Final Carita had been moving. Torn open on the point of her spear, the life gone out of him, he came down all at once, and the earth shook under the weight of his fall, its oceans and its islands and its mountains shaking with it.

22 · The slaying of Shumbha

तमायान्तं ततो देवी सर्वदैत्यजनेश्वरम् ।
जगत्यां पातयामास भित्त्वा शूलेन वक्षसि ॥ 22 ॥

23

स गतासुः पपातोर्व्यां देवीशूलाग्रविक्षतः ।
चालयन् सकलां पृथ्वीं साब्धिद्वीपां सपर्वताम् ॥ 23 ॥

The Devi pierces the chest of the falling Shumbha with her trident, while above her a banner and a canopy shine.

The instant that evil soul was gone, the whole world eased. Creation came back into its health, and the sky cleared and turned pure again. The omen-clouds that had hung overhead full of fire went quiet, and with Shumbha down the rivers drew back inside their banks and ran their proper courses.

24 · 25

ततः प्रसन्नमखिलं हते तस्मिन् दुरात्मनि ।
जगत्स्वास्थ्यमतीवाप निर्मलं चाभवन्नभः ॥ 24 ॥
उत्पातमेघाः सोल्का ये प्रागासंस्ते शमं ययुः ।
सरितो मार्गवाहिन्यस्तथासंस्तत्र पातिते ॥ 25 ॥

Victorious, the Devi rests her trident upon Shumbha's corpse, while in the sky apsaras dance and flowers rain down.

With him dead, joy ran full through every host of the gods. The gandharvas raised a sweet song, others took up their instruments, and the companies of apsaras gave themselves to the dance. Clean winds began to move, the sun came out in its full brightness, the sacred fires burned clear and steady, and the strange sounds that had troubled the sky through all of this fell silent at last. Over the whole of creation, the sign was good.

26 · 27

ततो देवगणाः सर्वे हर्षनिर्भरमानसाः ।
बभूवुर्निहते तस्मिन् गन्धर्वा ललितं जगुः ॥ 26 ॥
अवादयंस्तथैवान्ये ननृतुश्चाप्सरोगणाः ।
ववुः पुण्यास्तथा वाताः सुप्रभो ऽभूद्दिवाकरः ॥ 27 ॥

Ahead

Chapter 11, “The Narayani Stuti.” After the destruction of Shumbha and Nishumbha, the gods offered Ambika a long hymn of praise, every shloka of which rests on the refrain “Narayani, salutation to you.” This is the stuti recited daily in the worship of Durga.

Durga Saptashati, the Final Carita. Chapter ten within the Markandeya Purana, the tenth of the thirteen chapters of the Sri Durga Saptashati (Devi Mahatmya). Base text per the Gita Press edition.

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