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Chapter 8 · The Slaying of Raktabija

Devi Mahatmya

Chapter 8 · The Slaying of Raktabija · Final Carita

Chanda and Munda had fallen. Then Shumbha called up the whole world of demons. In that same moment the gods’ own shaktis stepped out of their bodies, Brahmani, Maheshvari, Kaumari, Vaishnavi, Varahi, Narasimhi, and Aindri, and Shiva himself became the Devi’s messenger, which is why she is called Shiva-duti. But the gravest peril was Raktabija, from every drop of whose blood another great demon just like him rose from the earth. One means alone could kill him: the gaping mouth of Kali.

61 shlokas · Previous chapter

About 16 min read · 2,573 words

Chanda and Munda were dead, and army after asura army had been whittled away. At the sight of it the mind of the demon-lord Shumbha passed wholly into the keeping of rage, and he ordered every daitya force he possessed down into the field.

An enraged Shumbha, holding a mace, lifts a finger from a high dais to order all his demon armies into battle.

1 · 2

ऋषिरुवाच ।
चण्डे च निहते दैत्ये मुण्डे च विनिपातिते ।
बहुलेषु च सैन्येषु क्षयितेष्वसुरेश्वरः ॥ 1 ॥
ततः कोपपराधीनचेताः शुम्भः प्रतापवान् ।
उद्योगं सर्वसैन्यानां दैत्यानामादिदेश ह ॥ 2 ॥

His command went out loud and terrible. He called out each of his clans by name, as though every asura in creation were being summoned at one stroke. Eighty-six weapon-bearing daitya-clans, eighty-four Kambu-clans, fifty koti-valiant asura-clans, a hundred Dhaumra-clans; and the Kalakas, the Daurhridas, the Mauryas, and the Kalakeyas: let all of them arm themselves and march out for war. Such was Shumbha’s swift decree.

3 · 4 · 5

अद्य सर्वबलैर्दैत्याः षडशीतिरुदायुधाः ।
कम्बूनां चतुरशीतिर्निर्यान्तु स्वबलैर्वृताः ॥ 3 ॥
कोटिवीर्याणि पञ्चाशदसुराणां कुलानि वै ।
शतं कुलानि धौम्राणां निर्गच्छन्तु ममाज्ञया ॥ 4 ॥
कालका दौर्हृदा मौर्याः कालकेयास्तथासुराः ।
युद्धाय सज्जा निर्यान्तु आज्ञया त्वरिता मम ॥ 5 ॥

The order given, the asura-king Shumbha, who had held his empire together by terror, marched out to battle himself, ringed by many thousands of great soldiers. Chandika watched that appalling host advance and answered with her bow: one pull of the string, and the whole space between earth and sky rang with that single sound. Her lion loosed a tremendous roar, and Ambika drove the sound higher still with the clangor of her bell. And when bowstring, lion, and bell had filled every direction with their din, Kali stretched her mouth wide and, with those terrifying cries alone, seemed to declare the victory already won.

The demon general, wearing a horned crown and holding a mace, rides a chariot of black horses at the head of a vast army.

6 · 7 · 8 · 9

इत्याज्ञाप्यासुरपतिः शुम्भो भैरवशासनः ।
निर्जगाम महासैन्यसहस्रैर्बहुभिर्वृतः ॥ 6 ॥
आयान्तं चण्डिका दृष्ट्वा तत्सैन्यमतिभीषणम् ।
ज्यास्वनैः पूरयामास धरणीगगनान्तरम् ॥ 7 ॥
स च सिंहो महानादमतीव कृतवान् नृप ।
घण्टास्वनेन तन्नादमम्बिका चाप्यबृंहयत् ॥ 8 ॥
धनुर्ज्यासिंहघण्टानां नादापूरितदिङ्मुखा ।
निनादैर्भीषणैः काली जिग्ये विस्तारितानना ॥ 9 ॥

At that din the daitya armies came seething from all four directions and began to close around the Devi, her lion, and Kali. And in that very interval, O king, a marvel unfolded. For the destruction of the gods’ haters and for the good of the lion-like immortals, shaktis of immense valor and immense strength came forth. Out of the bodies of Brahma, Isha, Guha, and Vishnu, and of Indra, their own powers stepped free, wearing those gods’ very forms, and took their stand beside Chandika. Whatever form each god bore, whatever his ornaments and his mount, in exactly that guise his shakti arrived to fight the asuras.

Astride a roaring lion the Devi draws her bow, Kali lunges nearby, and below among falling drops of blood demons surge up.

10 · 11 · 12 · 13

तं निनादमुपश्रुत्य दैत्यसैन्यैश्चतुर्दिशम् ।
देवी सिंहस्तथा काली सरोषैः परिवारिताः ॥ 10 ॥
एतस्मिन्नन्तरे भूप विनाशाय सुरद्विषाम् ।
भवायामरसिंहानामतिवीर्यबलान्विताः ॥ 11 ॥
ब्रह्मेशगुहविष्णूनां तथेन्द्रस्य च शक्तयः ।
शरीरेभ्यो विनिष्क्रम्य तद्रूपैश्चण्डिकां ययुः ॥ 12 ॥
यस्य देवस्य यद्रूपं यथाभूषणवाहनम् ।
तद्वदेव हि तच्छक्तिरसुरान् योद्धुमाययौ ॥ 13 ॥

First came the shakti of Brahma, riding a chariot yoked with swans, the rosary and water-pot in her hands: she is called Brahmani. Then Maheshvari arrived astride her bull, gripping the finest of tridents, a great serpent coiled at her wrist for a bracelet, the crescent moon bright upon her brow. Spear in hand, mounted on a peacock, wearing the very form of Guha, Kaumari rode out against the daityas. And in the same way came the Vaishnavi shakti, throned upon Garuda, her hands filled with conch, discus, mace, the Sharnga bow, and sword.

14 · 15 · 16 · 17

हंसयुक्तविमानाग्रे साक्षसूत्रकमण्डलुः ।
आयाता ब्रह्मणः शक्तिर्ब्रह्माणी साभिधीयते ॥ 14 ॥
माहेश्वरी वृषारूढा त्रिशूलवरधारिणी ।
महाहिवलया प्राप्ता चन्द्रलेखाविभूषणा ॥ 15 ॥
कौमारी शक्तिहस्ता च मयूरवरवाहना ।
योद्धुमभ्याययौ दैत्यानम्बिका गुहरूपिणी ॥ 16 ॥
तथैव वैष्णावी शक्तिर्गरुडोपरि संस्थिता ।
शङ्खचक्रगदाशार्ङ्गखड्गहस्ताभ्युपाययौ ॥ 17 ॥

The shakti who bears Hari’s peerless boar-form, the form that rises in the yajna, came wearing the body of Varahi. Narasimhi came in a shape the very image of Nrisimha, and a single toss of her mane flung the star-clusters loose across the sky. And Aindri arrived, thunderbolt in hand, seated on the king of elephants, a thousand eyes open at once: exactly as Shakra himself is, so was she.

The Matrikas, born of the gods' splendor, descend into battle with their mounts around the lion-riding Devi.

18 · 19 · 20

यज्ञे वाराहमतुलं रूपं या बिभ्रती हरेः ।
शक्तिः साप्यायौ तत्र वाराहीं बिभ्रती तनुम् ॥ 18 ॥
नारसिंही नृसिंहस्य बिभ्रती सदृशं वपुः ।
प्राप्ता तत्र सटाक्षेपक्षिप्तनक्षत्रसंहतिः ॥ 19 ॥
वज्रहस्ता तथैवैन्द्री गजराजोपरि स्थिता ।
प्राप्ता सहस्रनयना यथा शक्रस्तथैव सा ॥ 20 ॥

Ringed by these divine shaktis, Ishana then said to Chandika, with affection, that the asuras should be slain, and quickly. At that word there came forth from the Devi’s own body a Chandika-shakti utterly fierce and terrible to see, her cry like the voices of hundreds of she-jackals raised at once. And she, the unconquered, said to Ishana of the smoke-dark matted locks: Lord, go as a messenger to the side of Shumbha and Nishumbha.

Brahmani on a swan, Maheshvari on a bull, Kaumari on a peacock, and Vaishnavi on Garuda are seated bearing their weapons.

21 · 22 · 23

ततः परिवृतस्ताभिरीशानो देवशक्तिभिः ।
हन्यन्तामसुराः शीघ्रं मम प्रीत्याऽह चण्डिकाम् ॥ 21 ॥
ततो देवीशरीरात्तु विनिष्क्रान्तातिभीषणा ।
चण्डिकाशक्तिरत्युग्रा शिवाशतनिनादिनी ॥ 22 ॥
सा चाह धूम्रजटिलमीशानमपराजिता ।
दूत त्वं गच्छ भगवन् पार्श्वं शुम्भनिशुम्भयोः ॥ 23 ॥

The message she sent was iron. Tell the over-proud Shumbha and Nishumbha, and every danava mustered there for battle, that the three worlds return to Indra and the gods resume their share of the yajna; if they wish to live, let them go down to Patala. But if the arrogance of their own strength leaves them hungry for war, then let them come, and let my she-jackals be sated on their flesh. And because the Devi made Shiva himself her messenger, that shakti became famous through the world as Shiva-duti.

Varahi, the lion-faced Narasimhi, and Aindri wielding the thunderbolt on an elephant enter the battle, while below the Devi pierces a demon with her spear.

24 · 25 · 26 · 27

ब्रूहि शुम्भं निशुम्भं च दानवावतिगर्वितौ ।
ये चान्ये दानवास्तत्र युद्धाय समुपस्थिताः ॥ 24 ॥
त्रैलोक्यमिन्द्रो लभतां देवाः सन्तु हविर्भुजः ।
यूयं प्रयात पातालं यदि जीवितुमिच्छथ ॥ 25 ॥
बलावलेपादथ चेद्भवन्तो युद्धकाङ्क्षिणः ।
तदागच्छत तृप्यन्तु मच्छिवाः पिशितेन वः ॥ 26 ॥
यतो नियुक्तो दौत्येन तया देव्या शिवः स्वयम् ।
शिवदूतीति लोके ऽस्मिन् ततः सा ख्यातिमागता ॥ 27 ॥

When Shiva’s own mouth delivered the Devi’s words, fury flooded the great asuras, and they stormed the very ground where Katyayani stood. Proud and burning, those enemies of the gods opened at once with a downpour of arrows, javelins, and lances upon the Devi. And she, with the great shafts loosed from her drawn bow, cut apart every arrow, trident, javelin, and battle-axe they sent her, lightly, as if the whole exchange were play.

28 · 29 · 30

ते ऽपि श्रुत्वा वचो देव्याः शर्वाख्यातं महासुराः ।
अमर्षापूरिता जग्मुर्यत्र कात्यायनी स्थिता ॥ 28 ॥
ततः प्रथममेवाग्रे शरशक्त्यृष्टिवृष्टिभिः ।
ववर्षुरुद्धतामर्षास्तां देवीममरारयः ॥ 29 ॥
सा च तान् प्रहितान् बाणाञ्छूलशक्तिपरश्वधान् ।
चिच्छेद लीलयाऽध्मातधनुर्मुक्तैर्महेषुभिः ॥ 30 ॥

Kali ranged ahead of her. Here she split an enemy open with a fall of her spear, there she pounded one shapeless with the khatvanga, and so she moved across the field. And Brahmani, wherever she ran, scattered drops from her water-pot, and every enemy the water touched was left emptied of valor and strength.

The fierce shakti sprung from the Devi's body sends Shiva as a messenger to Shumbha and Nishumbha, while the Matrikas stand below.

31 · 32

तस्याग्रतस्तथा काली शूलपातविदारितान् ।
खट्वाङ्गपोथितांश्चारीन् कुर्वती व्यचरत्तदा ॥ 31 ॥
कमण्डलुजलाक्षेपहतवीर्यान् हतौजसः ।
ब्रह्माणी चाकरोच्छत्रून् येन येन स्म धावति ॥ 32 ॥

Maheshvari killed with the trident, Vaishnavi with the discus, and Kaumari, blazing with anger, with her spear. Under the fall of Aindri’s thunderbolt, daityas and danavas split open by the hundred and dropped to the earth, pouring out rivers of blood. The Varahi-form wrecked some with blows of her snout, gored the chests of others on the points of her tusks, and tore still others apart with her discus. And Narasimhi prowled the battle, ripping great asuras open with her claws and swallowing them down, her roar crowding every quarter of the sky.

The Devi's rain of arrows strikes against the demons' weapons; before her a wounded Raktabija roars while Kali stands ready with a bowl.

33 · 34 · 35 · 36

माहेश्वरी त्रिशूलेन तथा चक्रेण वैष्णवी ।
दैत्याञ्जघान कौमारी तथा शक्त्यातिकोपना ॥ 33 ॥
ऐन्द्रीकुलिशपातेन शतशो दैत्यदानवाः ।
पेतुर्विदारिताः पृथ्व्यां रुधिरौघप्रवर्षिणः ॥ 34 ॥
तुण्डप्रहारविध्वस्ता दंष्ट्राग्रक्षतवक्षसः ।
वाराहमूर्त्या न्यपतंश्चक्रेण च विदारिताः ॥ 35 ॥
नखैर्विदारितांश्चान्यान् भक्षयन्ती महासुरान् ।
नारसिंही चचाराजौ नादापूर्णदिगन्तरा ॥ 36 ॥

At Shiva-duti’s dreadful laughter the asuras seemed to break from within and drop to the earth, and the fallen she devoured where they lay. And when the enraged band of Mothers ground the great asuras down by one means after another, the soldiers of the gods’ enemies perished where they stood.

37 · 38

चण्डाट्टहासैरसुराः शिवदूत्यभिदूषिताः ।
पेतुः पृथिव्यां पतितांस्तांश्चखादाथ सा तदा ॥ 37 ॥
इति मातृगणं क्रुद्धं मर्दयन्तं महासुरान् ।
दृष्ट्वाभ्युपायैर्विविधैर्नेशुर्देवारिसैनिकाः ॥ 38 ॥

The daityas were harried by the band of Mothers and breaking into flight, and the sight of it brought the great asura Raktabija forward, swollen with rage, to fight. Inside him lay a secret that set him apart from every ordinary asura. Whenever a single drop of blood fell from his body to the earth, in that same instant another great asura of his exact build stood up out of the soil.

Kali pierces a fallen demon with her trident while the white-robed Brahmani sprinkles the water of her water-pot over the battlefield.

39 · 40

पलायनपरान् दृष्ट्वा दैत्यान् मातृगणार्दितान् ।
योद्धुमभ्याययौ क्रुद्धो रक्तबीजो महासुरः ॥ 39 ॥
रक्तबिन्दुर्यदा भूमौ पतत्यस्य शरीरतः ।
समुत्पतति मेदिन्यां तत्प्रमाणो महासुरः ॥ 40 ॥

Mace in hand, that great asura closed with Aindri, and Aindri struck Raktabija with her thunderbolt. The bolt struck home at once, his blood poured out in streams, and from that blood rose warriors of his own form and his own prowess. As many drops as fell from his body, so many men sprang up, each carrying his valor, his strength, his might. And those blood-born men threw themselves into the fight as well, pressing the band of Mothers with savage strokes of their weapons in a battle grown utterly fearsome.

On a battlefield red with blood the Matrikas slay demons; in front Varahi and Narasimhi seize the enemies.

41 · 42 · 43 · 44

युयुधे स गदापाणिरिन्द्रशक्त्या महासुरः ।
ततश्चैन्द्री स्ववज्रेण रक्तबीजमताडयत् ॥ 41 ॥
कुलिशेनाहतस्याशु बहु सुस्त्राव शोणितम् ।
समुत्तस्थुस्ततो योधास्तद्रूपास्तत्पराक्रमाः ॥ 42 ॥
यावन्तः पतितास्तस्य शरीराद्रक्तबिन्दवः ।
तावन्तः पुरुषा जातास्तद्वीर्यबलविक्रमाः ॥ 43 ॥
ते चापि युयुधुस्तत्र पुरुषा रक्तसम्भवाः ।
समं मातृभिरत्युग्रशस्त्रपातातिभीषणम् ॥ 44 ॥

Then the thunderbolt found his head, and from the blood that streamed down, men were born in their thousands. Here the war took its most dangerous turn. Vaishnavi struck the asura-lord with her discus, Aindri battered him with her mace, and from the body the discus had opened, so much blood flowed that thousands of great asuras of his same measure filled the whole world.

45 · 46 · 47

पुनश्च वज्रपातेन क्षतमस्य शिरो यदा ।
ववाह रक्तं पुरुषास्ततो जाताः सहस्रशः ॥ 45 ॥
वैष्णवी समरे चैनं चक्रेणाभिजघान ह ।
गदया ताडयामास ऐन्द्री तमसुरेश्वरम् ॥ 46 ॥
वैष्णवीचक्रभिन्नस्य रुधिरस्त्रावसम्भवैः ।
सहस्रशो जगद्व्याप्तं तत्प्रमाणैर्महासुरैः ॥ 47 ॥

Kaumari drove her spear into Raktabija, Varahi her sword, Maheshvari her trident. And the daitya, possessed by wrath, answered each Mother in turn with strokes of his mace. Wounded by weapon after weapon, spear and lance and the rest, he bled in sheets, and wherever the stream of it met the ground, asuras formed from it by the hundred. Those asuras born of asura blood overran the world entire, and the gods, watching, sank into utter dread.

Seated on Airavata, Aindri hurls her thunderbolt at Raktabija, and from the falling blood new demons rise up.

48 · 49 · 50 · 51

शक्त्या जघान कौमारी वाराही च तथासिना ।
माहेश्वरी त्रिशूलेन रक्तबीजं महासुरम् ॥ 48 ॥
स चापि गदया दैत्यः सर्वा एवाहनत् पृथक् ।
मातॄः कोपसमाविष्टो रक्तबीजो महासुरः ॥ 49 ॥
तस्याहतस्य बहुधा शक्तिशूलादिभिर्भुवि ।
पपात यो वै रक्तौघस्तेनासञ्छतशो ऽसुराः ॥ 50 ॥
तैश्चासुरासृक्सम्भूतैरसुरैः सकलं जगत् ।
व्याप्तमासीत्ततो देवा भयमाजग्मुरुत्तमम् ॥ 51 ॥

Here arrives the Devi’s stratagem, the move on which the whole story turns. Every weapon had failed, for every wound bred a fresh crop of asuras, and the very blood they spilled came back at them as an enemy. The earth itself kept renewing him, so the one remedy left was to deny the blood its landing, to catch every drop before it ever came down. Seeing the gods sunk in despair, Chandika turned at once to Kali and said: Chamunda, open your mouth wider still.

From each drop of Raktabija's blood countless demons like him surge forth, and the Matrikas surround them on every side.

52

तान् विषण्णान् सुरान् दृष्ट्वा चण्डिका प्राह सत्वरा ।
उवाच कालीं चामुण्डे विस्तीर्णं वदनं कुरु ॥ 52 ॥

And then the Devi gave the command that would cut Raktabija’s deathlessness at its very root. Whatever drops of blood my weapon-strokes draw from him, and whatever great asuras rise out of those drops, take them all, midway, into this swift mouth of yours.

Kali stretches out her long tongue and swallows Raktabija's blood and the small demons born from it while they are still in mid-air.

53

मच्छस्त्रपातसम्भूतान् रक्तबिन्दून् महासुरान् ।
रक्तबिन्दोः प्रतीच्छ त्वं वक्त्रेणानेन वेगिना ॥ 53 ॥

Roam the field, and devour every great asura that springs from him. Starved of blood drop by drop, the daitya himself will waste to his end; and with you eating each fierce asura as it rises, no new one will find its way into birth at all. That was the whole fine-edged strategy: drink the blood before it could touch the earth.

54

भक्षयन्ती चर रणे तदुत्पन्नान् महासुरान् ।
एवमेष क्षयं दैत्यः क्षीणरक्तो गमिष्यति ।
भक्ष्यमाणास्त्वया चोग्रा न चोत्पत्स्यन्ति चापरे ॥ 54 ॥

The rishi says: with these words the Devi struck him with her spear, and in the same breath Kali caught all of Raktabija’s blood in her mouth and let none of it reach the earth. Stung, he swung his mace at Chandika, but the blow cost the Devi not one particle of pain.

The Devi pierces Raktabija with her trident and Kali drinks his flowing blood before it can fall to the earth.

55 · 56

ऋषिरुवाच ।
इत्युक्त्वा तां ततो देवी शूलेनाभिजघान तम् ।
मुखेन काली जगृहे रक्तबीजस्य शोणितम् ॥ 55 ॥
ततो ऽसावाजघानाथ गदया तत्र चण्डिकाम् ।
न चास्या वेदनां चक्रे गदापातो ऽल्पिकामपि ॥ 56 ॥

Now the scene composed itself that is the very life of this chapter. Every weapon of the Devi fell upon him, and wherever blood leapt from his torn body, there Chamunda’s mouth was already stretched to meet it. The great asuras that budded from the blood-drops inside her mouth she chewed up where they formed, and all the while she drank on at Raktabija’s blood. The blood had no earth left to find; each drop, in the instant of its falling, vanished into Kali’s vast mouth. No new army rose, and Raktabija drained away from within.

Drained of blood, the huge Raktabija lies dead, pierced with arrows, while the Devi, the lion, and Kali stand above him.

57 · 58

तस्याहतस्य देहात्तु बहु सुस्त्राव शोणितम् ।
यतस्ततः स्ववक्त्रेण चामुण्डा सम्प्रतीच्छति ॥ 57 ॥
मुखे समुद्गता ये ऽस्या रक्तपातान्महासुराः ।
तांश्चखादाथ चामुण्डा पपौ तस्य च शोणितम् ॥ 58 ॥

When Chamunda had drunk the last of his blood, the Devi struck Raktabija with spear, discus, arrows, sword, and lance. This time not one drop reached the earth to raise an enemy from it. O lord of the earth, pierced by that mass of weapons, wholly emptied of blood, the great asura Raktabija crashed to the ground.

59 · 60

देवी शूलेन चक्रेण बाणैरसिभिरृष्टिभिः ।
जघान रक्तबीजं तं चामुण्डापीतशोणितम् ॥ 59 ॥
स पपात महीपृष्ठे शस्त्रसंहतितो हतः ।
नीरक्तश्च महीपाल रक्तबीजो महासुरः ॥ 60 ॥

The instant he fell, a joy without measure swept the gods. And the band of Mothers born of those same gods, drunk on the asura’s blood, began to dance across the field of war.

In victory Kali dances upon the corpse, holding a severed head aloft, while the Matrikas and the gods in the sky look on.

61

ततस्ते हर्षमतुलमवापुस्त्रिदशा नृप ।
तेषां मातृगणो जातो ननर्तासृङ्मदोद्धतः ॥ 61 ॥

Ahead

In Chapter 9 comes the slaying of Nishumbha. Nishumbha himself comes forward to fight the Devi, with his eight arms; then one by one his weapons are broken, and in the end the Devi pierces his heart with her spear.

Durga Saptashati, the Final Carita. Chapter eighty-eight within the Markandeya Purana, the eighth of the thirteen chapters of the Sri Durga Saptashati (Devi Mahatmya). Base text per the Gita Press edition.

हिन्दी