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Chapter 3 · The Slaying of Mahishasura

Devi Mahatmya

Chapter 3 · The Slaying of Mahishasura · Middle Carita

The army was gone. Now Mahisha’s generals came forward one by one, Chikshura, Chamara, Udagra, Karala, and one by one they fell. Then Mahishasura himself came down in his buffalo form, and every shape the Devi’s blow found he slipped out of and made another: lion, man, elephant, buffalo again. At last the Devi bound him in her noose, pinned his throat beneath her foot, drove in her spear, and in the instant he hung trapped between two bodies, took his head off with her sword. Through the three worlds a single cry rose: victory.

44 shlokas · Read first: Chapter 2 · The Birth of the Devi · Main page: Devi Mahatmya

About 13 min read · 2,121 words

The sight of his whole army cut to pieces set Chikshura, Mahisha’s own general, ablaze, and he advanced to fight Ambika himself. He poured arrows down on the Devi the way a thundercloud deluges the summit of Mount Meru with rain. For the Devi the whole assault was pure play. She sheared his massed arrows out of the air as if amusing herself, and her own shafts found his horses and his charioteer and dropped them where they stood. In the same breath she cut away his bow and his banner raised high aloft, and while his bow-hand hung empty she drove her swift arrows deep into the asura’s limbs.

The asura general mounted on his chariot looses a downpour of arrows at the Devi, who stands calm upon her lion holding her bow.

1 · 2 · 3 · 4

ऋषिरुवाच ।
निहन्यमानं तत्सैन्यमवलोक्य महासुरः ।
सेनानीश्चिक्षुरः कोपाद्ययौ योद्धुमथाम्बिकाम् ॥ 1 ॥
स देवीं शरवर्षेण ववर्ष समरे ऽसुरः ।
यथा मेरुगिरेः शृङ्गं तोयवर्षेण तोयदः ॥ 2 ॥
तस्य च्छित्त्वा ततो देवी लीलयैव शरोत्करान् ।
जघान तुरगान् बाणैर्यन्तारं चैव वाजिनाम् ॥ 3 ॥
चिच्छेद च धनुः सद्यो ध्वजं चातिसमुच्छ्रितम् ।
विव्याध चैव गात्रेषु छिन्नधन्वानमाशुगैः ॥ 4 ॥

His bow gone, his chariot wrecked, his horses and his charioteer dead, the asura still would not yield. He caught up sword and shield and threw himself at the Devi. His sharp-edged blade came down first on the crown of her lion’s head, then swung with furious speed at the Devi’s left arm. But so divine was that body, O prince, that the moment the sword met her arm it shattered of its own accord. His eyes went red with rage, and he took up his spear.

5 · 6 · 7

स छिन्नधन्वा विरथो हताश्वो हतसारथिः ।
अभ्यधावत तां देवीं खड्गचर्मधरो ऽसुरः ॥ 5 ॥
सिंहमाहत्य खड्गेन तीक्ष्णधारेण मूर्धनि ।
आजघान भुजे सव्ये देवीमप्यतिवेगवान् ॥ 6 ॥
तस्याः खड्गो भुजं प्राप्य पफाल नृपनन्दन ।
ततो जग्राह शूलं स कोपादरुणलोचनः ॥ 7 ॥

The Devi's arrows break the asura's bow and chariot, his white horses and charioteer fallen below.

The great asura hurled it at Bhadrakali, and it blazed with such fierce light that the sun’s own orb seemed to have torn loose from the sky and come falling. The Devi saw it coming and let her own spear fly. One stroke, and his spear lay in a hundred pieces, and the great asura Chikshura was finished along with it.

8 · 9

चिक्षेप च ततस्तत्तु भद्रकाल्यां महासुरः ।
जाज्वल्यमानं तेजोभी रविबिम्बमिवाम्बरात् ॥ 8 ॥
दृष्ट्वा तदापतच्छूलं देवी शूलममुञ्चत ।
तच्छूलं शतधा तेन नीतं स च महासुरः ॥ 9 ॥

The asura leaps in with shield and sword, but his blow shatters against the Devi's sword as the lion roars.

With that mighty commander of the host slain, Chamara came forward, tormentor of the gods, riding high on an elephant. He too let fly his dart at the Devi, and Ambika met it with a single scornful cry. Struck by that one sound, the dart lost its glow and fell useless to the earth. The sight of it broken and fallen drove Chamara into a fury, and he flung his spear, and the Devi’s arrows cut that too apart in mid-air.

10 · 11 · 12

हते तस्मिन् महावीर्ये महिषस्य चमूपतौ ।
आजगाम गजारूढश्चामरस्त्रिदशार्दनः ॥ 10 ॥
सो ऽपि शक्तिं मुमोचाथ देव्यास्तामम्बिका द्रुतम् ।
हुङ्काराभिहतां भूमौ पातयामास निष्प्रभाम् ॥ 11 ॥
भग्नां शक्तिं निपतितां दृष्ट्वा क्रोधसमन्वितः ।
चिक्षेप चामरः शूलं बाणैस्तदपि साच्छिनत् ॥ 12 ॥

An asura mounted on an elephant raises his mace and roars, the blazing force of the Devi's roar halting his weapon in mid-air.

In that instant the Devi’s lion sprang, fastened onto the great boss of the elephant’s forehead, and closed with that foe of the gods in a grappling fight high above the field. Locked together, the two crashed down from the elephant and tore at each other with savage blows. Then the lion sprang skyward once more, and as it came down, a single stroke of its paw parted Chamara’s head from his body.

13 · 14 · 15

ततः सिंहः समुत्पत्य गजकुम्भान्तरे स्थितः ।
बाहुयुद्धेन युयुधे तेनोच्चैस्त्रिदशारिणा ॥ 13 ॥
युध्यमानौ ततस्तौ तु तस्मान्नागान्महीं गतौ ।
युयुधाते ऽतिसंरब्धौ प्रहारैरतिदारुणैः ॥ 14 ॥
ततो वेगात्खमुत्पत्य निपत्य च मृगारिणा ।
करप्रहारेण शिरश्चामरस्य पृथक्कृतम् ॥ 15 ॥

A spear flung by an asura riding an elephant strikes the radiance issuing from the Devi's face, shattering and falling in pieces.

Now the Devi killed with whatever came to hand. Udagra she battered down with boulders and uprooted trees; Karala she felled with her teeth, her fists, and the flats of her palms. In her wrath she ground Uddhata to powder under the blows of her club, ran the bhindipala javelin clean through Vashkala, and pinned Tamra and Andhaka to the earth with arrows. Then the three-eyed supreme goddess raised her trident and slew three more, Ugrasya, Ugravirya, and Mahahanu.

16 · 17 · 18

उदग्रश्च रणे देव्या शिलावृक्षादिभिर्हतः ।
दन्तमुष्टितलैश्चैव करालश्च निपातितः ॥ 16 ॥
देवी क्रुद्धा गदापातैश्चूर्णयामास चोद्धतम् ।
वाष्कलं भिन्दिपालेन बाणैस्ताम्रं तथान्धकम् ॥ 17 ॥
उग्रास्यमुग्रवीर्यञ्च तथैव च महाहनुम् ।
त्रिनेत्रा च त्रिशूलेन जघान परमेश्वरी ॥ 18 ॥

The Devi's lion pounces on the elephant and lays the asura low, the asura's severed head raised above.

Here the Devi took on the form of Kalaratri, the Night that gathers even Time into herself. Her sword lifted Bidala’s head from his body; her arrows sent Durdhara and Durmukha together to the house of Yama; and Kala she struck down with the staff of Time itself. With fierce strokes of her blade she beat Agradarshana to the ground, and Asiloma she severed with that same sword. For the Devi’s ganas this battle too was a festival, and the field rang with the victory-cries of the ganas, the lion, and the Devi together.

19 · 20

बिडालस्यासिना कायात् पातयामास वै शिरः ।
दुर्धरं दुर्मुखं चोभौ शरैर्निन्ये यमक्षयम् ।
कालं च कालदण्डेन कालरात्रिरपातयत् ॥ 19 ॥
अग्रदर्शनमत्युग्रैः खड्गपातैरताडयत् ।
असिनैवासिलोमानमच्छिदत् सा रणोत्सवे ।
गणैः सिंहेन देव्या च जयक्ष्वेडाकृतोत्सवैः ॥ 20 ॥

The Devi destroys an asura with a blow of her mace and pierces another with her trident as the lion roars.

So it went until his whole army had wasted away, and then Mahishasura himself came down into his own buffalo form and set upon the Devi’s hosts. Every part of that buffalo body was now a weapon. Some he tore open with a drive of his muzzle, some with a stamp of his hooves, some with a lash of his tail, some on the points of his horns. Others he flung to the earth by sheer speed, by his bellowing, by the whirl of his wheeling bulk, by nothing more than the gale of his breath.

21 · 22 · 23

एवं संक्षीयमाणे तु स्वसैन्ये महिषासुरः ।
माहिषेण स्वरूपेण त्रासयामास तान् गणान् ॥ 21 ॥
कांश्चित्तुण्डप्रहारेण खुरक्षेपैस्तथापरान् ।
लाङ्गूलताडितांश्चान्यान् शृङ्गाभ्याञ्च विदारितान् ॥ 22 ॥
वेगेन कांश्चिदपरान् नादेन भ्रमणेन च ।
निश्वासपवनेनान्यान् पातयामास भूतले ॥ 23 ॥

Mahishasura in buffalo form tramples the Devi's hosts and tosses them with his tail, the lion-riding Devi seen behind.

He trampled the Pramatha host flat and charged the Devi’s lion to kill it, and at that Ambika’s true wrath awoke. His own fury swelled to match hers. His hooves tore and gouged the ground; he hoisted whole mountains high on his horns and flung them, bellowing as he came. The earth crumbled to pieces under his speed and his wheeling, and the ocean, lashed by his tail, overflowed its shores and washed out on every side.

24 · 25 · 26

निपात्य प्रमथानीकमभ्यधावत सो ऽसुरः ।
सिंहं हन्तुं महादेव्याः कोपं चक्रे ततो ऽम्बिका ॥ 24 ॥
सो ऽपि कोपान्महावीर्यः खुरक्षुण्णमहीतलः ।
शृङ्गाभ्यां पर्वतानुच्चैश्चिक्षेप च ननाद च ॥ 25 ॥
वेगभ्रमणविक्षुण्णा मही तस्य व्यशीर्यत ।
लाङ्गूलेनाहतश्चाब्धिः प्लावयामास सर्वतः ॥ 26 ॥

The enraged buffalo tears up mountains with his horns and flings them, the Devi with her lion pouncing upon him, the ocean surging.

The clouds of the sky, ripped by his swaying horns, went to drifting shreds, and the gale of his breath brought mountains crashing down from the heavens by the hundreds. Chandika watched that great asura bear down on her, swollen with rage, and gave way to her own wrath, set now on his death.

27 · 28

धुतशृङ्गविभिन्नाश्च खण्डं खण्डं ययुर्घनाः ।
श्वासानिलास्ताः शतशो निपेतुर्नभसो ऽचलाः ॥ 27 ॥
इति क्रोधसमाध्मातमापतान्तं महासुरम् ।
दृष्ट्वा सा चण्डिका कोपं तद्वधाय तदाकरोत् ॥ 28 ॥

The Devi flung her noose full over him and bound the great asura fast, and the moment it held him, there in the middle of the great battle, he shed his buffalo shape. The play of maya had begun. He was a lion at once, and just as Ambika moved to take the lion’s head he slipped out of that shape and stood as a man, sword in hand. In a breath the Devi’s shafts cut the man down, sword and shield and all, and at once he swelled into a huge elephant.

The Devi flings her noose and binds the horned asura, who falls to his knees and glares in fury.

29 · 30 · 31

सा क्षिप्त्वा तस्य वै पाशं तं बबन्ध महासुरम् ।
तत्याज माहिषं रूपं सो ऽपि बद्धो महामृधे ॥ 29 ॥
ततः सिंहो ऽभवत् सद्यो यावत्तस्याम्बिका शिरः ।
छिनत्ति तावत्पुरुषः खड्गपाणिरदृश्यत ॥ 30 ॥
तत एवाशु पुरुषं देवी चिच्छेद सायकैः ।
तं खड्गचर्मणा सार्धं ततः सो ऽभून्महागजः ॥ 31 ॥

The elephant coiled its trunk around the Devi’s great lion and tugged, trumpeting, and the Devi’s sword severed that trunk at a stroke as he pulled. Then the great asura climbed back into the same buffalo body and shook the three worlds again, everything that moves and everything that does not, exactly as before. Maya had circled back to its own beginning.

32 · 33

करेण च महासिंहं तं चकर्ष जगर्ज च ।
कर्षतस्तु करं देवी खड्गेन निरकृन्तत ॥ 32 ॥
ततो महासुरो भूयो माहिषं वपुरास्थितः ।
तथैव क्षोभयामास त्रैलोक्यं सचराचरम् ॥ 33 ॥

Mahishasura turned elephant grips the lion with his trunk, and the Devi cuts that trunk with her sword.

Then Chandika, mother of the world, in her anger lifted the finest of drinks and drank, and drank again, and her eyes glowed ruddy as a wild laughter rose in her. Across the field the asura bellowed back, puffed up with his strength and valor and frenzy, and began flinging mountains at Chandika with his horns. She shivered each mountain to powder in mid-flight under showers of arrows, and then, her mouth reddened by the mead and her words coming unsteady, she spoke to him.

34 · 35 · 36

ततः क्रुद्धा जगन्माता चण्डिका पानमुत्तमम् ।
पपौ पुनः पुनश्चैव जहासारुणलोचना ॥ 34 ॥
ननर्द चासुरः सो ऽपि बलवीर्यमदोद्धतः ।
विषाणाभ्याञ्च चिक्षेप चण्डिकां प्रति भूधरान् ॥ 35 ॥
सा च तान् प्रहितांस्तेन चूर्णयन्ती शरोत्करैः ।
उवाच तं मदोद्धूतमुखरागाकुलाक्षरम् ॥ 36 ॥

In the midst of battle the Devi laughs as she drinks wine from a vessel, the asura before her raising his sword and roaring, boulders flying.

What she told him left nothing in doubt. Roar, fool, roar out your brief moment while I finish this drink; the instant you die at my hands, the gods will be roaring their victory on this very ground. With that the Devi sprang, came down astride the great asura, pinned his throat beneath her foot, and drove her spear into him.

37 · 38

देव्युवाच ।
गर्ज गर्ज क्षणं मूढ मधु यावत्पिबाम्यहम् ।
मया त्वयि हते ऽत्रैव गर्जिष्यन्त्याशु देवताः ॥ 37 ॥
ऋषिरुवाच ।
एवमुक्त्वा समुत्पत्य सारूढा तं महासुरम् ।
पादेनाक्रम्य कण्ठे च शूलेनैनमताडयत् ॥ 38 ॥

The Devi's foot presses down on the asura emerging from the buffalo's mouth, her trident driven in, the severed head in her hand.

Crushed under her foot, the asura began forcing his way out through the buffalo’s own mouth, his true man-form emerging, and the Devi’s own might held him fast right there, half out and half in. Caught between two bodies, he was fighting still when the Devi’s great sword swept down, cut his head from him, and laid him in the dust.

39 · 40

ततः सो ऽपि पदाक्रान्तस्तया निजमुखात्ततः ।
अर्धनिष्क्रान्त एवासीद् देव्या वीर्येण संवृतः ॥ 39 ॥
अर्धनिष्क्रान्त एवासौ युध्यमानो महासुरः ।
तया महासिना देव्या शिरश्छित्त्वा निपातितः ॥ 40 ॥

So ended Mahisha, who with his army and his allied hosts had held all three worlds in his spell. The instant he fell, every being in the three worlds, gods and asuras and humans alike, raised a single shout: victory.

After the slaying of Mahishasura the Devi sits serene, gods and rishis offering praise, apsaras raining down flowers.

41 · 42

एवं स महिषो नाम ससैन्यः ससुहृद्गणः ।
त्रैलोक्यं मोहयित्वा तु तया देव्या विनाशितः ॥ 41 ॥
त्रैलोक्यस्थैस्तदा भूतैर्महिषे विनिपातिते ।
जयेत्युक्तं ततः सर्वैः सदेवासुरमानवैः ॥ 42 ॥

The whole daitya army perished then amid cries of grief, and the entire company of the gods rose into the highest joy. Gods and divine maharishis together poured out their praise of the Devi, the lords of the gandharvas broke into song, and the troops of apsaras began to dance. The great slaying was done, though the Middle Carita would close only in the chapter to come, with the gods’ own hymn of thanks.

43 · 44

ततो हाहाकृतं सर्वं दैत्यसैन्यं ननाश तत् ।
प्रहर्षञ्च परं जग्मुः सकला देवतागणाः ॥ 43 ॥
तुष्टुवुस्तां सुरा देवीं सह दिव्यैर्महर्षिभिः ।
जगुर्गन्धर्वपतयो ननृतुश्चाप्सरोगणाः ॥ 44 ॥

Ahead

The next chapter is the fourth. After the victory the gods together offered the Devi a long hymn of praise, known as the Shakradi Stuti, the hymn made by Shakra and the others, and it stands among the most poetry-filled passages of the whole Devi Mahatmya. At its end the Devi bade them ask a boon, and the gods repeated their one prayer, that she come whenever remembered in a time of danger. The Devi accepted. The Middle Carita of the three closes here.

Durga Saptashati, the Middle Carita. Chapter eighty-three within the Markandeya Purana, the third of the thirteen chapters of the Sri Durga Saptashati (Devi Mahatmya). Base text per the Gita Press edition.

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